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The physical components of Active Directory, domain controllers and sites, are used to mirror the physical structure of an organization.Ī domain controller is a computer running Windows 2000 Server that stores a replica of the domain directory (local domain database). The namespace is contiguous only within each tree. In Figure 5.11, and msn.com form a forest.
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Domains in a forest operate independently, but the forest enables communication across the entire organization.All domains in a forest share a common Global Catalog.Trees in a forest have different naming structures, according to their domains.All trees in a forest share a common schema.The domain administrator has absolute rights to set policies only within that domain.Ī tree is a grouping or hierarchical arrangement of one or more Windows 2000 domains that share a contiguous namespace (see Figure 5.10).įorests have the following characteristics: All security policies and settings-such as administrative rights, security policies, and ACLs-do not cross from one domain to another. In Windows 2000, objects include files, folders, shares, printers, and Active Directory objects. ACLs contain the permissions associated with objects that control which users can gain access to an object and what type of access users can gain. Access control lists (ACLs) control access to domain objects.
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Theoretically, a domain directory can contain up to 10 million objects, but 1 million objects per domain is a more practical amount. All network objects exist within a domain, and each domain stores information only about the objects that it contains.Domains share the following characteristics: Grouping objects into one or more domains allows your network to reflect your company's organization. The core unit of logical structure in Active Directory is the domain. You can delegate administrative tasks by assigning permissions to OUs. For example, the attributes of a user account might include the user's first and last names, department, and e-mail address (see Figure 5.8). Object attributes are characteristics of objects in the directory. Because you group resources logically, Active Directory makes the network's physical structure transparent to users.Īn object is a distinct, named set of attributes that represents a network resource. This enables you to find a resource by its name rather than its physical location. In Active Directory, you organize resources in a logical structure. Explain Active Directory structure and replication.Active Directory completely separates the logical structure of the domain hierarchy from the physical structure. With the flexibility of Active Directory, you can create the network structure that best fits your company's needs. They need decentralized approaches to managing their business relationships and networks. These companies have multiple businesses, each of which is very focused. Other organizations, especially large enterprises, are very decentralized. Typically, these companies have strong information technology (IT) departments that define and implement the network structure down to the smallest detail. Many companies have a centralized structure. As a result, before installing Active Directory, you should examine your organization's business structure and operations. Lesson 5:?Understanding Active Directory Structure and ReplicationĪctive Directory provides a method for designing a directory structure that meets the needs of your organization.